Spiradenoma

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Spiradenoma
Micrograph of an eccrine spiradenoma
Synonyms	Eccrine spiradenoma
Pronounce	N/A
Specialty	N/A
Symptoms	Pain, tenderness
Complications	Rarely malignant transformation
Onset	Usually in adulthood
Duration	Chronic
Types	Solitary, multiple
Causes	Unknown
Risks	Genetic predisposition
Diagnosis	Biopsy, histopathology
Differential diagnosis	Cylindroma, hidradenoma
Prevention	N/A
Treatment	Surgical excision
Medication	Analgesics for pain
Prognosis	Excellent with treatment
Frequency	Rare
Deaths	N/A

Spiradenoma is a rare, benign skin tumor that originates from the eccrine sweat glands. It is characterized by its distinctive histological appearance and clinical presentation. Spiradenomas are typically solitary, slow-growing nodules that can be painful.

Clinical Presentation

Spiradenomas usually present as solitary, firm, and painful nodules on the skin. They are most commonly found on the trunk and extremities, but can occur anywhere on the body. The nodules are typically blue or purple in color and can range in size from a few millimeters to several centimeters.

Histopathology

Histologically, spiradenomas are well-circumscribed dermal nodules composed of two types of cells: small, dark basaloid cells and larger, pale cells. These cells are arranged in a characteristic pattern, often described as "blue balls" in the dermis. The tumors are usually encapsulated and may show areas of cystic degeneration.

Pathogenesis

The exact cause of spiradenoma is not well understood, but it is believed to arise from the eccrine sweat glands. Genetic factors may play a role, as some cases have been associated with Brooke-Spiegler syndrome, a genetic condition that predisposes individuals to multiple skin appendage tumors.

Treatment

The primary treatment for spiradenoma is surgical excision. Complete removal of the tumor is usually curative, and recurrence is rare. In cases where the tumor is painful or cosmetically concerning, surgical intervention is recommended.

Prognosis

Spiradenomas are benign tumors with an excellent prognosis following surgical excision. Malignant transformation is extremely rare but has been reported in a small number of cases.

See also

• Eccrine sweat gland
• Brooke-Spiegler syndrome
• Skin tumor