Psoriatic nails

Psoriatic nails are a distinct symptom of psoriasis, a chronic, systemic, inflammatory skin disease. This condition affects the nails, causing changes in their appearance and structure. Psoriatic nails are seen in approximately 50% of individuals with psoriasis and 80% of individuals with psoriatic arthritis.

Symptoms and signs

Psoriatic nails can manifest in several ways, including onycholysis, subungual hyperkeratosis, and nail pitting. Onycholysis is the separation of the nail from the nail bed, while subungual hyperkeratosis is the thickening of the skin beneath the nail. Nail pitting refers to small depressions in the nail surface.

Causes

The exact cause of psoriatic nails is unknown, but it is believed to be related to the underlying psoriasis. Psoriasis is an autoimmune disease, which means the body's immune system mistakenly attacks healthy cells. In the case of psoriatic nails, the immune system targets the nails, causing the characteristic changes.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of psoriatic nails is primarily based on physical examination. The presence of other symptoms of psoriasis, such as skin plaques, may also aid in diagnosis. In some cases, a nail biopsy may be performed to confirm the diagnosis.

Treatment

Treatment for psoriatic nails is aimed at managing symptoms and preventing further damage. This may include topical treatments, such as corticosteroids, or systemic treatments, such as methotrexate or biologic therapy. In severe cases, surgical removal of the nail may be necessary.

See also

• Psoriasis
• Nail disease
• Psoriatic arthritis