Trichorrhexis nodosa

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Trichorrhexis nodosa
Synonyms	Knotted hair
Pronounce	N/A
Specialty	N/A
Symptoms	Hair breakage, hair fragility
Complications	Hair loss
Onset	Childhood or adulthood
Duration	Chronic
Types	N/A
Causes	Genetic disorder, physical trauma, chemical exposure
Risks	Excessive hair styling, chemical treatments
Diagnosis	Clinical examination, trichoscopy
Differential diagnosis	Monilethrix, pili torti, trichothiodystrophy
Prevention	N/A
Treatment	Avoidance of trauma, gentle hair care, moisturizing treatments
Medication	N/A
Prognosis	Good with proper care
Frequency	Common
Deaths	N/A

A hair shaft disorder

Trichorrhexis nodosa is a condition that affects the hair shaft, leading to hair breakage and the appearance of white nodules along the hair strand. It is a common cause of hair fragility and can be either acquired or congenital.

Presentation

Trichorrhexis nodosa is characterized by the presence of nodes or swellings along the hair shaft. These nodes are weak points where the hair is prone to breakage. The condition can affect any hair-bearing area of the body, but it is most commonly observed on the scalp.

Symptoms

Individuals with trichorrhexis nodosa may notice:

• Brittle hair that breaks easily
• White nodules along the hair shaft
• Hair that appears frizzy or lacks shine

Causes

Trichorrhexis nodosa can be caused by:

• Physical trauma to the hair, such as excessive brushing or styling
• Chemical damage from hair treatments like bleaching or perming
• Genetic factors, in the case of congenital trichorrhexis nodosa

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of trichorrhexis nodosa is typically made through clinical examination and microscopic analysis of the hair. Under a microscope, the hair shaft will show characteristic nodes and fractures.

Management

Management of trichorrhexis nodosa involves addressing the underlying cause and minimizing further damage to the hair. Recommendations may include:

• Reducing physical and chemical trauma to the hair
• Using gentle hair care products
• Ensuring adequate nutrition to support hair health

Related conditions

Trichorrhexis nodosa can be associated with other conditions, such as:

• Tricho-hepato-enteric syndrome

See also

• Hair shaft disorders
• Hair care

External links

• DermNet NZ: Trichorrhexis Nodosa