Tuberculous lymphadenitis

Tuberculous lymphadenitis is a form of tuberculosis that affects the lymph nodes. It is also known as tuberculous adenitis or scrofula.

Causes

Tuberculous lymphadenitis is caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis. This bacterium is spread through the air when a person with active tuberculosis of the lungs or throat coughs, sneezes, or talks.

Symptoms

The most common symptom of tuberculous lymphadenitis is a painless swelling in the neck, armpit, or groin. Other symptoms may include fever, night sweats, weight loss, and fatigue.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of tuberculous lymphadenitis typically involves a physical examination, medical history, and laboratory tests. These tests may include a tuberculin skin test, blood tests, imaging studies such as a chest X-ray or CT scan, and a biopsy of the affected lymph node.

Treatment

Treatment for tuberculous lymphadenitis usually involves a course of antibiotic therapy for at least six months. The most commonly used antibiotics are isoniazid, rifampin, pyrazinamide, and ethambutol. In some cases, surgery may be required to remove the affected lymph node.

Prevention

Prevention of tuberculous lymphadenitis involves controlling the spread of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. This can be achieved through early detection and treatment of active tuberculosis, and vaccination with the BCG vaccine in areas where tuberculosis is common.

See also

• Tuberculosis
• Lymphadenitis
• Mycobacterium tuberculosis
• BCG vaccine

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