Cauliflower ear
Cauliflower ear, also known as wrestler's ear, is a condition that occurs when the external part of the ear suffers a blow, causing a blood clot or other fluid accumulation under the perichondrium. This separates the cartilage from the overlying perichondrium that supplies its nutrients, causing the cartilage to die and resulting in a thickened, deformed appearance of the ear.
Introduction[edit | edit source]
Cauliflower ear is a term used to describe an ear deformity caused by trauma. It results from a hematoma, or blood-filled swelling, which if left untreated, can lead to fibrous tissue formation and a characteristic lumpy appearance resembling a cauliflower.[1]
Causes[edit | edit source]
Cauliflower ear is typically caused by blunt trauma to the ear. It's common in contact sports such as rugby, boxing, and wrestling, hence the alternative name "wrestler's ear". This trauma can lead to a separation of the skin from the underlying cartilage, creating a space for blood or serous fluid to accumulate.[2]
Symptoms[edit | edit source]
The main symptoms of cauliflower ear are pain, swelling, and deformity of the ear. Depending on the severity of the injury, these symptoms can be accompanied by bruising, difficulty hearing, or a ringing sensation (tinnitus).
Treatment[edit | edit source]
- Early treatment of an auricular hematoma can prevent the development of cauliflower ear. This involves evacuating the blood from the hematoma through incision and drainage or aspiration. Afterward, pressure dressings are typically applied to the ear to prevent re-accumulation of fluid.[3] In some cases, antibiotics may be given to prevent infection.
- If the condition is left untreated and the ear becomes permanently deformed, cosmetic surgery can be considered.
Prevention[edit | edit source]
The best way to prevent cauliflower ear is to protect the ears during activities that could lead to injury. This might include wearing headgear while participating in contact sports or other activities that put the ears at risk.[4]
See Also[edit | edit source]
References[edit | edit source]
- ↑ Kloss, B. T., Patel, R., & Raynor, M. (2021). Auricular Hematoma. In StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing.
- ↑ Purcell, L., & Canadian Paediatric Society, Healthy Active Living and Sports Medicine Committee. (2012). Sport-related concussion: Information for parents. Paediatrics & child health, 17(1), 31.
- ↑ Brook, I., & Frazier, E. H. (2000). Infections caused by Propionibacterium species. Reviews of infectious diseases, 12(5), 819-822.
- ↑ Mandelbaum, B. R., Silvers, H. J., & Watanabe, D. S. (2005). Strategies for reducing injuries in youth sports. Pediatric annals, 34(5), 359-363.
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Contributors: Prab R. Tumpati, MD
