Schizophreniform disorder

Schizophreniform disorder
Synonyms	N/A
Pronounce	N/A
Specialty	N/A
Symptoms	Delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech, disorganized behavior, negative symptoms
Complications	N/A
Onset	Typically in adolescence or young adulthood
Duration	More than 1 month but less than 6 months
Types
Causes	Unknown, but genetic and environmental factors may contribute
Risks	Family history of schizophrenia or other psychotic disorders
Diagnosis	Based on clinical assessment and DSM-5 criteria
Differential diagnosis	Schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, major depressive disorder with psychotic features, brief psychotic disorder
Prevention	N/A
Treatment	Antipsychotic medication, psychotherapy
Medication	N/A
Prognosis	Varies; some may recover fully, others may develop schizophrenia
Frequency	Less common than schizophrenia
Deaths	N/A

Schizophreniform disorder is a mental disorder diagnosed in a person who has symptoms of schizophrenia but has only had these symptoms for less than six months. The disorder is in the schizophrenia spectrum and other psychotic disorders category of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5).

Symptoms

The symptoms of schizophreniform disorder are the same as those for schizophrenia and may include:

• Delusions
• Hallucinations
• Disorganized speech
• Disorganized or catatonic behavior
• Negative symptoms, such as diminished emotional expression

Diagnosis

The diagnosis of schizophreniform disorder is made when the person has had symptoms of psychosis for more than one month but less than six months. The diagnosis can be made without a major depressive episode, a manic episode, or a mixed episode having occurred concurrently with the active-phase symptoms.

Treatment

Treatment for schizophreniform disorder typically involves a combination of medication, psychotherapy, and social support. The most common medications used are antipsychotics. Psychotherapy may include cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), family therapy, and social skills training.

Prognosis

The prognosis for people with schizophreniform disorder is better than that for people with schizophrenia. Many people with schizophreniform disorder will see their symptoms resolve within six months. However, about two-thirds of people diagnosed with schizophreniform disorder will go on to be diagnosed with schizophrenia.

See also

• Schizophrenia
• Brief psychotic disorder
• Schizoaffective disorder