Prehypertension

Prehypertension
Synonyms	High normal blood pressure
Pronounce	N/A
Specialty	N/A
Symptoms	Often none, but can include headache, dizziness, nosebleeds
Complications	Hypertension, cardiovascular disease, stroke, heart attack
Onset	Typically adulthood
Duration	Chronic
Types	N/A
Causes	Genetics, diet, lifestyle, obesity, stress
Risks	Family history, sedentary lifestyle, high salt intake, smoking, alcohol consumption
Diagnosis	Blood pressure measurement
Differential diagnosis	Hypertension, white coat hypertension, masked hypertension
Prevention	Healthy diet, regular exercise, weight management, stress reduction
Treatment	Lifestyle modification, medication if progression to hypertension
Medication	N/A
Prognosis	Can progress to hypertension if not managed
Frequency	Common, varies by population
Deaths	N/A

Prehypertension is a medical condition characterized by blood pressure levels that are higher than normal, but not yet in the range of hypertension (high blood pressure). It is a warning sign that you could develop high blood pressure, which can lead to serious health problems such as heart disease and stroke.

Definition

According to the American Heart Association and the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, prehypertension is defined as a systolic blood pressure reading of 120-139 mm Hg or a diastolic reading of 80-89 mm Hg.

Causes

The exact causes of prehypertension are not known, but several factors are believed to contribute to its development. These include a family history of high blood pressure, being overweight or obese, a lack of physical activity, a diet high in salt, and certain medical conditions such as kidney disease and diabetes.

Symptoms

Prehypertension usually has no symptoms. Most people with prehypertension only learn they have it after having their blood pressure checked during a routine medical examination.

Treatment

The primary treatment for prehypertension is lifestyle changes. These include losing weight if you are overweight, increasing physical activity, eating a healthy diet that is low in salt, limiting alcohol, and quitting smoking. In some cases, medication may be recommended.

Prevention

Prehypertension can be prevented or delayed by maintaining a healthy lifestyle. This includes regular physical activity, a diet low in salt and high in fruits and vegetables, maintaining a healthy weight, limiting alcohol, and not smoking.

See also

• Hypertension
• Blood pressure
• Heart disease
• Stroke