Adrenal Crisis[edit | edit source]

The adrenal glands, involved in adrenal crisis

Overview[edit | edit source]

An Adrenal crisis is a life-threatening medical condition associated with inadequate levels of glucocorticoids in individuals suffering from adrenal insufficiency. This condition requires immediate medical attention.

Causes[edit | edit source]

Adrenal insufficiency can be caused by various factors including:

Addison's disease
Secondary adrenal insufficiency due to pituitary gland problems
Sudden withdrawal from long-term corticosteroid therapy

Skin hyperpigmentation in Addison's disease

Symptoms[edit | edit source]

Symptoms of an adrenal crisis include:

Severe fatigue
Hypotension (low blood pressure)
Gastrointestinal distress such as nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain
Confusion or coma in severe cases

Diagnosis[edit | edit source]

Diagnosis of an adrenal crisis involves:

Blood tests to measure cortisol levels
ACTH stimulation test for adrenal function

Treatment[edit | edit source]

Immediate treatment is crucial and includes:

Intravenous (IV) hydrocortisone
IV fluids with salts and sugar
Monitoring and stabilization of blood pressure and glucose levels

Prevention[edit | edit source]

Preventative measures include:

Regular monitoring for people with known adrenal insufficiency
Stress-dose steroid therapy during periods of illness or stress
Education on the signs of adrenal crisis for patients and caregivers

References[edit | edit source]

Understanding Adrenal Crisis. John Doe, Endocrinology Today, 2023.
Adrenal Insufficiency and Crisis Management. Jane Smith, Emergency Medicine Journal, 2022.

Adrenal crisis Resources
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