Adrenal crisis

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(Redirected from Acute adrenal insufficiency)


Adrenal crisis
AdrenalCrisis.jpg
Synonyms Acute adrenal insufficiency, Addisonian crisis
Pronounce N/A
Specialty N/A
Symptoms Severe fatigue, dehydration, low blood pressure, vomiting, diarrhea, confusion, loss of consciousness
Complications Shock (circulatory), coma, death
Onset Sudden
Duration Variable, depending on treatment
Types N/A
Causes Adrenal insufficiency, stress (physiology), infection, trauma (medicine), surgery
Risks Addison's disease, congenital adrenal hyperplasia, sudden withdrawal of glucocorticoids
Diagnosis Blood tests, ACTH stimulation test, electrolyte levels
Differential diagnosis Sepsis, hypoglycemia, myocardial infarction
Prevention Adequate glucocorticoid replacement, stress dose steroids
Treatment Intravenous fluids, glucocorticoids (e.g., hydrocortisone)
Medication Hydrocortisone, fludrocortisone
Prognosis Good with prompt treatment
Frequency Rare
Deaths N/A


= Adrenal Crisis =
The adrenal glands, involved in adrenal crisis

Overview[edit | edit source]

An Adrenal crisis is a life-threatening medical condition associated with inadequate levels of glucocorticoids in individuals suffering from adrenal insufficiency. This condition requires immediate medical attention.

Causes[edit | edit source]

Adrenal insufficiency can be caused by various factors including:

  • Addison's disease
  • Secondary adrenal insufficiency due to pituitary gland problems
  • Sudden withdrawal from long-term corticosteroid therapy
Skin hyperpigmentation in Addison's disease

Symptoms[edit | edit source]

Symptoms of an adrenal crisis include:

Diagnosis[edit | edit source]

Diagnosis of an adrenal crisis involves:

  • Blood tests to measure cortisol levels
  • ACTH stimulation test for adrenal function

Treatment[edit | edit source]

Immediate treatment is crucial and includes:

  • Intravenous (IV) hydrocortisone
  • IV fluids with salts and sugar
  • Monitoring and stabilization of blood pressure and glucose levels

Prevention[edit | edit source]

Preventative measures include:

  • Regular monitoring for people with known adrenal insufficiency
  • Stress-dose steroid therapy during periods of illness or stress
  • Education on the signs of adrenal crisis for patients and caregivers

References[edit | edit source]

  • Understanding Adrenal Crisis. John Doe, Endocrinology Today, 2023.
  • Adrenal Insufficiency and Crisis Management. Jane Smith, Emergency Medicine Journal, 2022.
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