Addisonian crisis

Addisonian Crisis

An Addisonian crisis, also known as an adrenal crisis or acute adrenal insufficiency, is a potentially life-threatening medical emergency that occurs in individuals with Addison's disease. It is characterized by a sudden and severe worsening of symptoms due to insufficient levels of cortisol and aldosterone, the hormones produced by the adrenal glands.

Causes

An Addisonian crisis typically occurs when the body is under stress, such as during an illness, injury, or surgery, and the adrenal glands are unable to produce enough hormones to cope. It can also be triggered by sudden withdrawal from corticosteroids, which are often used to treat individuals with Addison's disease.

Symptoms

Symptoms of an Addisonian crisis may include severe abdominal pain, vomiting, diarrhea, low blood pressure (hypotension), loss of consciousness, and seizures. If left untreated, an Addisonian crisis can lead to shock, organ failure, and death.

Treatment

Immediate medical attention is required in the event of an Addisonian crisis. Treatment typically involves intravenous administration of hydrocortisone, saline solution, and dextrose. This is followed by ongoing treatment to manage Addison's disease and prevent future crises.

Prevention

Prevention of an Addisonian crisis involves careful management of Addison's disease, including regular monitoring of hormone levels and adjustment of medication doses as needed. Individuals with Addison's disease should also be educated about the signs of an impending crisis and the importance of seeking immediate medical attention.

See also

• Addison's disease
• Adrenal gland
• Cortisol
• Aldosterone
• Hypotension