Pure red cell aplasia

Pure red cell aplasia (PRCA or ePRA) is a type of anemia affecting the precursors to red blood cells but not to white blood cells. In PRCA, the body's bone marrow doesn't produce enough new red blood cells, leading to anemia symptoms such as fatigue and weakness.

Causes

PRCA can be either acquired or inherited. Acquired PRCA can be caused by various conditions, including autoimmune diseases, certain infections (like parvovirus B19), and some medications. Inherited PRCA, also known as Diamond-Blackfan anemia, is a rare genetic disorder that usually presents in infancy.

Symptoms

The symptoms of PRCA are similar to those of other types of anemia and may include fatigue, weakness, and pale skin. Some people may also have an enlarged heart or abnormalities in heart rhythm due to the increased workload on the heart.

Diagnosis

PRCA is diagnosed through blood tests that show a low red blood cell count but normal levels of white blood cells and platelets. A bone marrow biopsy may also be performed to confirm the diagnosis.

Treatment

Treatment for PRCA depends on the underlying cause. If the PRCA is caused by a medication, the medication may need to be stopped. If it's caused by an autoimmune disease, treatment may involve drugs to suppress the immune system. In severe cases, a bone marrow transplant may be necessary.

See also

• Anemia
• Bone marrow
• Autoimmune disease
• Parvovirus B19
• Diamond-Blackfan anemia

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