Liquefactive necrosis

Liquefactive necrosis is a type of necrosis which results in a transformation of the tissue into a liquid viscous mass. Often it is associated with focal bacterial or fungal infections, and can also occur in response to ischemic injury such as a cerebrovascular accident.

Causes

Liquefactive necrosis is commonly caused by lack of oxygen (ischemia) and subsequent bacterial infection. It can also be caused by certain types of bacteria such as Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, and E. coli, as well as certain types of fungi.

Pathology

In liquefactive necrosis, the affected cell is completely digested by hydrolytic enzymes, resulting in a soft, circumscribed lesion consisting of pus and the remains of necrotic tissue. The dead cells are then rapidly destroyed, resulting in a soft, creamy yellow, necrotic area that is filled with pus.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of liquefactive necrosis is typically made through a combination of clinical history, physical examination, and laboratory tests. Imaging studies such as MRI or CT scan may also be used to visualize the area of necrosis.

Treatment

Treatment for liquefactive necrosis typically involves addressing the underlying cause of the necrosis. This may include antibiotics to treat infection, or surgical intervention to remove the necrotic tissue.

See also

• Coagulative necrosis
• Caseous necrosis
• Fat necrosis
• Fibrinoid necrosis