Anisakis

Anisakis[edit | edit source]

Anisakis is a genus of parasitic nematodes belonging to the family Anisakidae. Species within this genus are known for causing Anisakiasis, a parasitic infection in humans. The life cycle of Anisakis involves fish, crustaceans, and marine mammals, with humans becoming incidental hosts through the consumption of infested fish.

Anisakis simplex, a common species of Anisakis

Characteristics[edit | edit source]

Anisakis nematodes are characterized by their thread-like appearance and are primarily found in the marine environment. They are known for their complex life cycle that includes multiple hosts.

Life Cycle[edit | edit source]

The typical life cycle of Anisakis involves:

Eggs being released into the sea by infected marine mammals.
The larvae hatching and being eaten by crustaceans.
Infected crustaceans being consumed by fish or squid, where the larvae then migrate to the muscles.
Marine mammals eating the infected fish, thus continuing the cycle.
Humans become accidental hosts when consuming raw or undercooked fish containing Anisakis larvae.

Human Infection - Anisakiasis[edit | edit source]

Anisakiasis is the disease caused by the ingestion of Anisakis larvae. Symptoms may include:

Severe abdominal pain
Nausea and vomiting
Diarrhea
Allergic reactions in some individuals

Diagnosis and Treatment[edit | edit source]

Diagnosis typically involves endoscopy and the visual identification of the parasite. Treatment usually involves removal of the larvae via endoscopy and sometimes surgical intervention in severe cases.

Prevention[edit | edit source]

Prevention of anisakiasis involves:

Adequately cooking fish
Freezing fish at -20°C (-4°F) for at least 24 hours

External Links[edit | edit source]

Resources[edit source]

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‎ Source: Data courtesy of the U.S. National Library of Medicine. Since the data might have changed, please query MeSH on Anisakis for any updates.

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