Bruit

A bruit (pronounced "broo-ee") is an abnormal sound heard during auscultation of a blood vessel, typically an artery. This sound is usually indicative of turbulent blood flow, which can be caused by various underlying conditions such as arterial stenosis, aneurysm, or arteriovenous fistula. Bruits are often detected using a stethoscope during a physical examination.

Causes

Bruits can be caused by several conditions, including:

• Arterial stenosis: Narrowing of an artery, often due to atherosclerosis.
• Aneurysm: A localized dilation of an artery.
• Arteriovenous fistula: An abnormal connection between an artery and a vein.
• Hyperthyroidism: Increased blood flow can sometimes produce a bruit.
• Coarctation of the aorta: A congenital condition characterized by the narrowing of the aorta.

Detection

Bruits are typically detected during a physical examination using a stethoscope. The healthcare provider listens over major arteries, such as the carotid artery, abdominal aorta, and femoral artery. The presence of a bruit may prompt further diagnostic testing, such as Doppler ultrasound, CT angiography, or magnetic resonance angiography (MRA).

Clinical Significance

The detection of a bruit can be clinically significant as it may indicate underlying vascular disease. For example, a carotid bruit may suggest carotid artery stenosis, which can increase the risk of stroke. Similarly, an abdominal bruit may indicate an abdominal aortic aneurysm.

Management

The management of a bruit depends on the underlying cause. Treatment options may include:

• Lifestyle modifications: Such as diet and exercise to manage risk factors like hypertension and hyperlipidemia.
• Medications: To control blood pressure, cholesterol levels, and other contributing factors.
• Surgical intervention: In cases of significant arterial stenosis or aneurysm, surgical procedures such as endarterectomy or stent placement may be necessary.

Related Pages

• Arterial stenosis
• Aneurysm
• Arteriovenous fistula
• Atherosclerosis
• Carotid artery stenosis
• Stroke
• Hypertension
• Hyperlipidemia