Salivary gland tumour

Salivary gland tumour

A salivary gland tumour is an abnormal growth of cells within the salivary glands, which are responsible for producing saliva. These tumours can be benign (non-cancerous) or malignant (cancerous) and can occur in any of the major or minor salivary glands.

Types of Salivary Gland Tumours

Salivary gland tumours are classified based on their location and histological characteristics. The major types include:

• Pleomorphic adenoma: The most common benign salivary gland tumour, often found in the parotid gland.
• Warthin's tumour: Another benign tumour, typically occurring in the parotid gland.
• Mucoepidermoid carcinoma: The most common malignant salivary gland tumour, which can occur in any of the salivary glands.
• Adenoid cystic carcinoma: A slow-growing but aggressive malignant tumour that often affects the minor salivary glands.
• Acinic cell carcinoma: A less common malignant tumour that primarily affects the parotid gland.

Symptoms

The symptoms of a salivary gland tumour can vary depending on the type and location of the tumour. Common symptoms include:

• A lump or swelling in the mouth, cheek, jaw, or neck
• Pain in the affected area
• Difficulty swallowing
• Numbness or weakness in the face
• Persistent sore throat

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of a salivary gland tumour typically involves a combination of:

• Physical examination
• Imaging studies such as CT scan or MRI
• Fine needle aspiration (FNA) biopsy
• Histopathological examination of the biopsy sample

Treatment

The treatment for salivary gland tumours depends on the type, size, and location of the tumour, as well as whether it is benign or malignant. Common treatment options include:

• Surgical removal: The primary treatment for most salivary gland tumours.
• Radiation therapy: Often used in conjunction with surgery for malignant tumours.
• Chemotherapy: May be used for advanced or metastatic malignant tumours.

Prognosis

The prognosis for individuals with salivary gland tumours varies widely based on the type and stage of the tumour. Benign tumours generally have an excellent prognosis following surgical removal. The prognosis for malignant tumours depends on factors such as the tumour's size, location, and whether it has spread to other parts of the body.

See also

• Salivary gland
• Parotid gland
• Submandibular gland
• Sublingual gland
• Oral cancer