Van Wyk and Grumbach syndrome

Van Wyk and Grumbach syndrome is a rare medical condition characterized by hypothyroidism, precocious puberty, and ovarian cysts. It was first described by Jan Van Wyk and Maurice Grumbach in 1960.

Symptoms and Signs

The most common symptoms of Van Wyk and Grumbach syndrome include delayed growth, menstrual irregularities, and breast development in girls. Other symptoms may include cold intolerance, constipation, dry skin, fatigue, and weight gain.

Causes

Van Wyk and Grumbach syndrome is caused by long-standing, untreated hypothyroidism. The exact mechanism is not fully understood, but it is believed to involve increased levels of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) stimulating the ovaries, leading to ovarian cysts and precocious puberty.

Diagnosis

The diagnosis of Van Wyk and Grumbach syndrome is based on the presence of hypothyroidism, precocious puberty, and ovarian cysts. Additional tests may include thyroid function tests, pelvic ultrasound, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Treatment

The treatment for Van Wyk and Grumbach syndrome involves treating the underlying hypothyroidism with thyroid hormone replacement therapy. This usually results in resolution of the ovarian cysts and normalization of puberty.

Prognosis

With appropriate treatment, the prognosis for individuals with Van Wyk and Grumbach syndrome is generally good. However, long-term follow-up is necessary to monitor for potential complications, such as infertility and psychosocial issues related to early puberty.

See Also

• Hypothyroidism
• Precocious puberty
• Ovarian cysts

Van Wyk and Grumbach syndrome Resources
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