Ovarian cysts

Ovarian cysts are fluid-filled sacs or pockets in an ovary or on its surface. Women have two ovaries — each about the size and shape of an almond — on each side of the uterus. Eggs (ova), which develop and mature in the ovaries, are released in monthly cycles during the childbearing years.

Types

There are various types of ovarian cysts, such as dermoid cysts and endometrioma cysts. However, functional cysts are the most common type. The two types of functional cysts include follicle cysts and corpus luteum cysts.

Causes

Most ovarian cysts develop as a result of your menstrual cycle (functional cysts). Other types of cysts are much less common.

Symptoms

Most cysts don't cause symptoms and go away on their own. However, a large ovarian cyst can cause:

• Pelvic pain — a dull or sharp ache in the lower abdomen on the side of the cyst
• Fullness or heaviness in your abdomen
• Bloating

Diagnosis

Your doctor can detect an ovarian cyst during a routine pelvic examination. They may notice swelling on one of your ovaries and order an ultrasound test to confirm the presence of a cyst.

Treatment

Treatment depends on your age, the type and size of your cyst, and your symptoms. Your doctor might suggest:

• Watchful waiting
• Medication
• Surgery

See also

• Polycystic ovary syndrome
• Ovarian torsion
• Ovarian cancer

References

Ovarian cysts Resources
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