Coturnism

Editor-In-Chief: Prab R Tumpati, MD
Obesity, Sleep & Internal medicine
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Coturnism
File:Coturnix coturnix (Warsaw zoo)-1.JPG
Synonyms	N/A
Pronounce	N/A
Specialty	N/A
Symptoms	Rhabdomyolysis, myalgia, nausea, vomiting, dizziness, dyspnea
Complications	Kidney failure, cardiac arrhythmia
Onset	Hours after consumption of quail meat
Duration	Several days
Types	N/A
Causes	Consumption of quail that have ingested hemlock
Risks	Eating quail during migration season
Diagnosis	Clinical evaluation, history of quail consumption
Differential diagnosis	Food poisoning, botulism, trichinosis
Prevention	Avoid eating quail during migration
Treatment	Supportive care, hydration, analgesics
Medication	N/A
Prognosis	Generally good with treatment
Frequency	Rare
Deaths	N/A

A condition caused by eating quail

For the bird, see Common quail.

Coturnism is a form of food poisoning that occurs after the consumption of quail, specifically the common quail (Coturnix coturnix). This condition is characterized by symptoms such as muscle pain, weakness, and in severe cases, rhabdomyolysis. Coturnism is a rare condition and is primarily associated with the consumption of quail during their migratory season.

Pathophysiology

The exact cause of coturnism is not fully understood, but it is believed to be related to the diet of the quail during migration. Quail may consume certain plants or seeds that contain toxic compounds, which are then stored in their tissues. When humans consume these quail, they may ingest these toxins, leading to the symptoms of coturnism.

Symptoms

The symptoms of coturnism typically appear within a few hours after consuming the affected quail. Common symptoms include:

• Severe muscle pain
• Weakness
• Nausea
• Vomiting
• Diarrhea

In more severe cases, individuals may experience rhabdomyolysis, a condition characterized by the breakdown of muscle tissue, which can lead to kidney failure.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of coturnism is primarily based on the clinical presentation and a history of recent consumption of quail. Laboratory tests may show elevated levels of muscle enzymes such as creatine kinase, which is indicative of muscle damage.

Treatment

Treatment for coturnism is mainly supportive. Patients are advised to rest and may require rehydration therapy to manage dehydration caused by vomiting and diarrhea. In cases of rhabdomyolysis, more intensive treatment may be necessary, including intravenous fluids to prevent kidney damage.

Prevention

To prevent coturnism, it is advisable to avoid consuming quail during their migratory season, especially if the source of the quail is unknown. Proper cooking methods may reduce the risk, but the effectiveness of cooking in eliminating the toxins is not well established.

See also

• Food poisoning
• Rhabdomyolysis
• Common quail