AIDS-related complex
Overview[edit | edit source]
AIDS-related complex (ARC) is a term that was historically used to describe a set of symptoms and conditions that occur in individuals infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) but who do not meet the criteria for a diagnosis of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). ARC is characterized by a variety of symptoms that indicate a weakened immune system, but are not severe enough to be classified as AIDS.
Symptoms[edit | edit source]
Individuals with AIDS-related complex may experience a range of symptoms, including:
- Persistent lymphadenopathy (swollen lymph nodes)
- Chronic fever
- Unexplained weight loss
- Fatigue
- Diarrhea
- Night sweats
- Oral thrush (a fungal infection in the mouth)
Pathophysiology[edit | edit source]
The pathophysiology of AIDS-related complex involves the progressive weakening of the immune system due to the destruction of CD4+ T cells by HIV. This weakening of the immune system makes individuals more susceptible to opportunistic infections and certain types of cancers, such as Kaposi's sarcoma.
Diagnosis[edit | edit source]
The diagnosis of AIDS-related complex is based on clinical symptoms and laboratory tests that indicate immune system dysfunction. It is important to differentiate ARC from full-blown AIDS, which is diagnosed when an individual has a CD4+ T cell count below 200 cells/mm_ or when they develop specific opportunistic infections or cancers.
Treatment[edit | edit source]
Treatment for AIDS-related complex focuses on managing symptoms and preventing the progression to AIDS. This includes:
- Antiretroviral therapy (ART) to suppress HIV replication
- Prophylactic treatment to prevent opportunistic infections
- Symptomatic treatment for conditions such as oral thrush and diarrhea
Prognosis[edit | edit source]
With the advent of effective antiretroviral therapy, the prognosis for individuals with AIDS-related complex has improved significantly. Early initiation of ART can prevent the progression to AIDS and improve overall quality of life.
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