Lycoperdonosis

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Lycoperdonosis
Puffball spores under scanning electron microscope
Synonyms N/A
Pronounce N/A
Specialty N/A
Symptoms Cough, dyspnea, fever, fatigue
Complications Respiratory failure
Onset Hours to days after exposure
Duration Variable
Types N/A
Causes Inhalation of puffball spores
Risks Exposure to puffball spores, especially in enclosed spaces
Diagnosis Chest X-ray, CT scan, bronchoscopy, biopsy
Differential diagnosis Hypersensitivity pneumonitis, pneumonia, asthma
Prevention Avoid inhaling puffball spores
Treatment Corticosteroids, supportive care
Medication N/A
Prognosis Generally good with treatment
Frequency Rare
Deaths N/A


Lycoperdon perlatum

Lycoperdonosis is a rare respiratory disease caused by the inhalation of large amounts of spores from mature puffballs, a type of fungus. It is a form of extrinsic allergic alveolitis, also known as hypersensitivity pneumonitis, an inflammation of the alveoli within the lung caused by hypersensitivity to inhaled organic dusts.

Symptoms[edit | edit source]

The symptoms of lycoperdonosis are similar to those of other respiratory diseases and can include cough, fever, and difficulty breathing. In severe cases, it can lead to pulmonary fibrosis, a condition that causes the lungs to become scarred and can result in serious breathing problems.

Diagnosis[edit | edit source]

Diagnosis of lycoperdonosis can be challenging due to its rarity and the nonspecific nature of its symptoms. It is typically diagnosed based on a combination of clinical history, physical examination, and radiographic findings. Biopsy of the lung tissue may also be performed in some cases.

Treatment[edit | edit source]

Treatment for lycoperdonosis typically involves avoiding further exposure to puffball spores and treating the symptoms. In severe cases, corticosteroids may be used to reduce inflammation in the lungs. In cases where pulmonary fibrosis has developed, treatment options may be limited and can include lung transplantation.

Prevention[edit | edit source]

Prevention of lycoperdonosis primarily involves avoiding exposure to mature puffball spores. This can be achieved by not disturbing puffballs that are releasing spores and by wearing a mask when in areas where puffballs are present.

See also[edit | edit source]

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Contributors: Prab R. Tumpati, MD