Adrenocorticotropic hormone deficiency

Adrenocorticotropic hormone deficiency (ACTH deficiency) is a rare condition characterized by a decrease or absence of ACTH, a hormone produced by the pituitary gland. ACTH stimulates the adrenal glands to produce cortisol, a hormone that helps regulate metabolism and immune response.

Causes

ACTH deficiency can be caused by various conditions that damage the pituitary gland, including tumors, infections, autoimmune diseases, and certain genetic disorders. It can also be caused by treatments such as radiation therapy or surgery that affect the pituitary gland.

Symptoms

Symptoms of ACTH deficiency can vary widely and may include fatigue, low blood pressure, weight loss, weakness, depression, and skin changes. In severe cases, it can lead to Addison's disease, a life-threatening condition characterized by severe low blood pressure and electrolyte imbalances.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of ACTH deficiency typically involves blood tests to measure levels of ACTH and cortisol. Imaging tests such as MRI or CT scan may also be used to identify abnormalities in the pituitary gland.

Treatment

Treatment for ACTH deficiency typically involves hormone replacement therapy to restore normal cortisol levels. This may involve taking oral medications or receiving injections. In some cases, treatment of the underlying cause of the deficiency, such as surgery to remove a pituitary tumor, may also be necessary.

See also

• Pituitary gland
• Adrenal glands
• Cortisol
• Addison's disease