Self-defeating personality disorder
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| Self-defeating personality disorder | |
|---|---|
| File:Cover of Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders.jpg | |
| Synonyms | N/A |
| Pronounce | N/A |
| Specialty | N/A |
| Symptoms | Engaging in self-defeating behaviors, avoiding pleasurable experiences, choosing situations that lead to failure |
| Complications | N/A |
| Onset | Early adulthood |
| Duration | Long-term |
| Types | N/A |
| Causes | Psychological factors, environmental influences |
| Risks | Depression, anxiety, substance abuse |
| Diagnosis | Clinical assessment, DSM criteria (historical) |
| Differential diagnosis | Borderline personality disorder, depression, anxiety disorders |
| Prevention | N/A |
| Treatment | Psychotherapy, cognitive behavioral therapy |
| Medication | N/A |
| Prognosis | Variable, depends on treatment and individual factors |
| Frequency | Not officially recognized in current DSM |
| Deaths | N/A |
Self-defeating personality disorder (SDPD), also known as masochistic personality disorder, was a proposed personality disorder. It was included in the appendix of the revised third edition of the DSM-III-R in 1987 but was not formally admitted to the manual.
Historical Context[edit]
SDPD was first proposed for inclusion in the DSM in the late 1980s. The concept stemmed from observations of individuals who consistently engage in self-defeating behavior, seemingly without conscious awareness of doing so.
Criteria and Features[edit]
The criteria set in the DSM-III-R for SDPD included patterns of destructive behavior towards oneself, an attraction to situations or relationships in which the individual will suffer, and an inability to recognize these self-defeating acts.
Controversy and Exclusion from DSM[edit]
The disorder was met with controversy, leading to its exclusion from the DSM-IV and subsequent editions. Critics argued that the diagnosis could victim-blame or pathologize adaptive coping mechanisms in abusive situations.
Alternative Classifications[edit]
In place of SDPD, the DSM-5 continues to use the category "Personality Disorder Not Otherwise Specified (PD-NOS)" for cases that don't fit into other defined categories. A future classification proposed is "Personality Disorder-Trauma and Stressor-Related (PD-TS)."
Current Usage[edit]
Despite its exclusion from the DSM-IV and DSM-5, some researchers and therapists continue to utilize the DSM-III-R criteria for SDPD in their work.
Diagnostic Code[edit]
The official diagnostic code for SDPD in the DSM-III-R was 301.90, corresponding to the broader category of "Personality Disorder NOS."
See Also[edit]
External Links[edit]
- American Psychiatric Association - DSM Overview
- American Psychological Association - Personality Disorders
References[edit]
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