Inflammatory fibroid polyp

Inflammatory fibroid polyp (IFP) is a benign neoplasm that can occur in various parts of the gastrointestinal tract, but is most commonly found in the stomach and small intestine. It was first described by the Austrian pathologist Hans Chiari in 1949.

History

The term "inflammatory fibroid polyp" was first used by John Helwig and Franklin F. M. Bosman in 1953. They described it as a distinct pathological entity characterized by a proliferation of connective tissue, blood vessels, and a prominent inflammatory infiltrate.

Pathogenesis

The exact cause of IFP is unknown. However, it is believed to be a reactive process rather than a true neoplasm. Some studies suggest that it may be related to chronic inflammation or irritation. Genetic factors may also play a role, as some cases have been associated with specific genetic mutations.

Clinical features

IFPs can occur at any age, but they are most common in middle-aged adults. They can cause various symptoms depending on their location. In the stomach, they may cause abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, or bleeding. In the small intestine, they may cause abdominal pain, diarrhea, or intestinal obstruction.

Diagnosis

The diagnosis of IFP is usually made by endoscopic biopsy. The histological features include a proliferation of spindle cells, blood vessels, and inflammatory cells, with a characteristic "onion-skin" pattern around the blood vessels. Immunohistochemical staining can help to confirm the diagnosis.

Treatment

The treatment of choice for IFP is surgical removal. This can usually be done by endoscopic resection. In some cases, open surgery may be required. The prognosis after treatment is excellent, with a very low risk of recurrence.

See also

• Gastrointestinal neoplasm
• Stomach cancer
• Small intestine cancer