Aerobic vaginitis

1. Aerobic Vaginitis

Aerobic vaginitis (AV) is a distinct form of vaginal infection characterized by an imbalance in the vaginal flora, where aerobic bacteria predominate. Unlike bacterial vaginosis, which is associated with anaerobic bacteria, AV involves the presence of aerobic microorganisms such as Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Enterococcus faecalis.

Clinical Presentation

Patients with aerobic vaginitis may present with symptoms such as vaginal irritation, burning, and discharge. The discharge is often yellowish and may have an unpleasant odor. Unlike vulvovaginal candidiasis, itching is not a predominant symptom.

Diagnosis

The diagnosis of aerobic vaginitis is primarily clinical, supported by microscopic examination of vaginal secretions. A wet mount preparation may reveal an increased number of leukocytes, a reduction in lactobacilli, and the presence of parabasal cells. The Nugent score, used for diagnosing bacterial vaginosis, is not applicable for AV.

Pathophysiology

Aerobic vaginitis is thought to result from a disruption in the normal vaginal microbiota, leading to a decrease in protective lactobacilli and an overgrowth of aerobic bacteria. Factors contributing to this imbalance may include antibiotic use, hormonal changes, and immune system alterations.

Treatment

Treatment of aerobic vaginitis involves the use of antibiotics targeted at the aerobic bacteria involved. Commonly used antibiotics include clindamycin and metronidazole. In addition, restoring the normal vaginal flora with probiotics may be beneficial.

Prognosis

With appropriate treatment, the prognosis for aerobic vaginitis is generally good. However, recurrent infections can occur, necessitating further evaluation and management.

Also see

• Bacterial vaginosis
• Vulvovaginal candidiasis
• Vaginal microbiota
• Lactobacillus

{{This 'Reproductive system diseases' related article is a stub.}}