Catarrh

Catarrh is a medical condition characterized by the excessive buildup of mucus in the nose, throat, or sinuses. This condition is often associated with inflammation of the mucous membranes and can result in symptoms such as a runny nose, congestion, and postnasal drip.

Causes

Catarrh can be caused by a variety of factors, including:

• Infections such as the common cold or sinusitis
• Allergies to substances like pollen, dust mites, or animal dander
• Irritants such as smoke, pollution, or strong odors
• Chronic conditions like chronic rhinosinusitis or nasal polyps

Symptoms

The symptoms of catarrh can vary depending on the underlying cause but commonly include:

• A sensation of mucus running down the back of the throat (postnasal drip)
• A blocked or stuffy nose
• Frequent throat clearing
• A persistent cough
• A reduced sense of smell and taste
• Headaches or facial pain

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of catarrh typically involves a physical examination and a review of the patient's medical history. In some cases, additional tests such as allergy testing, nasal endoscopy, or imaging studies like CT scans may be necessary to determine the underlying cause.

Treatment

Treatment for catarrh depends on the underlying cause and may include:

• Decongestants to reduce nasal congestion
• Antihistamines for allergy-related catarrh
• Nasal corticosteroids to reduce inflammation
• Saline nasal sprays to help clear mucus
• Antibiotics if a bacterial infection is present
• Avoidance of known allergens or irritants

Prevention

Preventive measures for catarrh include:

• Maintaining good hygiene to prevent infections
• Managing allergies with appropriate medications
• Avoiding exposure to irritants such as smoke and pollution
• Using a humidifier to keep the air moist

Related Pages

• Common cold
• Sinusitis
• Allergies
• Nasal polyps
• Chronic rhinosinusitis