Spermatocele
Spermatocele is a harmless cyst containing fluid and sperm that occurs in the tube through which sperm travel from the testicles
Introduction[edit | edit source]
Spermatoceles are benign cystic dilations of the epididymal duct (three or more times the diameter of the normal duct), which may be lined by hypertrophic or normal epithelium.
Pathophysiology[edit | edit source]
Spermatoceles are most commonly seen in the initial segment or the caput region of the mouse epididymis and are filled with varying amounts of sperm. Focal areas of mineralization are present within this spermatocele.
Spermatoceles generally occur as background, incidental lesions but have been reported in association with exposure to some chemicals. They are distinguished from sperm granuloma by the absence of an inflammatory response.
Spermatoceles are benign in nature and are non-cancerous.
Causes[edit | edit source]
While the exact cause is unknown, certain risk factors include trauma or surgery.
Symptoms[edit | edit source]
Most patients with spermatocele may notice a painless swelling of the testicles or be asymptomatic. Most patients have nofertility issues with it.
Diagnosis[edit | edit source]
Physical examination and some tests such as ultrasound of the testicles
Tests[edit | edit source]
Ultrasound of the testicles
Treatment[edit | edit source]
Asymptomatic patients, especially for smaller spermatoceles, do not need to be treated. Those that are symptomatic or have larger lesions may benefit from surgical removal through a procedure called spermatocelectomy.
Complications[edit | edit source]
Complications are rare.
ICD codes[edit | edit source]
See also[edit | edit source]
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Contributors: Prab R. Tumpati, MD
