Asthenozoospermia

Asthenozoospermia is a medical condition characterized by decreased motility of sperm in a semen analysis. It is one of the primary causes of infertility in males.

Definition

Asthenozoospermia is defined by the World Health Organization (WHO) as a condition where the percentage of progressively motile sperm is less than 32%. It is a common finding in male infertility.

Causes

The causes of asthenozoospermia are multifactorial and can be divided into congenital and acquired causes. Congenital causes include genetic disorders such as cystic fibrosis, Kartagener syndrome, and Young syndrome. Acquired causes can be due to infections, varicocele, smoking, alcohol, drugs, environmental toxins, and aging.

Diagnosis

The diagnosis of asthenozoospermia is made by a semen analysis. The semen sample is obtained by masturbation after a period of 2-7 days of sexual abstinence. The sample is then analyzed under a microscope to assess the number, shape, and movement of the sperm.

Treatment

The treatment of asthenozoospermia depends on the underlying cause. If the cause is due to a varicocele, a varicocelectomy may be performed. If the cause is due to a hormonal imbalance, hormone therapy may be initiated. In cases where the cause is unknown, assisted reproductive technology such as intrauterine insemination (IUI), in vitro fertilization (IVF), or intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) may be considered.

See also

• Oligospermia
• Teratospermia
• Azoospermia
• Male infertility