Hematocolpos
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Hematocolpos is a medical condition in which the vagina fills with menstrual blood. It is often caused by the combination of menstruation with an imperforate hymen.[1][2] It is sometimes seen in Robinow syndrome, uterus didelphys, or other vaginal anomalies.
A related disorder is hematometra, where the uterus fills with menstrual blood.[3] It presents after puberty as primary amenorrhoea, recurrent pelvic pain with a pelvic mass. This can be caused by a congenital stenosis of the cervix, or by a complication of a surgical treatment.[4] Mucometrocolpos is the accumulation of mucous secretions behind an imperforate hymen.[5][6] Mucometrocolpos can sometimes cause abdominal distention.[7][8][9][10]
Symptoms[edit | edit source]
- On and off lower abdominal pain lasting more than a week [11]
- Pain with cramping, with episodes of worse pain in between[11]
- Vomiting without blood or bile [11]
- Abdominal bloating and distention [11]
- Constipation and changes in urine output [11]
- Tender breasts [11]
- Vaginal bleeding or discharge [11]
Causes[edit | edit source]
There can be four possible causes of hematocolpos[12]
Treatment[edit | edit source]
It is generally treated surgically, with a hymenotomy or other surgery to remove any tissue that blocks the menstrual flow.
References[edit | edit source]
- ↑ Kloss, Brian T., Hematocolpos secondary to imperforate hymen, International Journal of Emergency Medicine, Vol. 3(Issue: 4), pp. 481–482, DOI: 10.1007/s12245-010-0171-2, PMID: 21373333, PMC: 3047835,
- ↑ TOMPKINS, PENDLETON, The Treatment of Imperforate Hymen with Hematocolpos, Journal of the American Medical Association, Vol. 113(Issue: 10), pp. 913–916, DOI: 10.1001/jama.1939.02800350023007,
- ↑ Roger Perry, Netter's Obstetrics and Gynecology. online version, Elsevier Health Sciences, ISBN 978-1416056829,
- ↑ Verma, SK, Hematocolpos secondary to acquired vaginal scarring after radiation therapy for colorectal carcinoma., Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine, Vol. 28(Issue: 7), pp. 949–53, DOI: 10.7863/jum.2009.28.7.949, PMID: 19546336, Full text,
- ↑ Yapar, E. G., Diagnostic problems in a case with mucometrocolpos, polydactyly, congenital heart disease, and skeletal dysplasia, American Journal of Medical Genetics, Vol. 66(Issue: 3), pp. 343–346, DOI: <343::AID-AJMG19>3.0.CO;2-M 10.1002/(SICI)1096-8628(19961218)66:3<343::AID-AJMG19>3.0.CO;2-M, PMID: 8985498,
- ↑ Diane S., Neonatal and pediatric ultrasonography. online version, Churchill Livingstone, ISBN 9780443086069,
- ↑ Theodore J., Common Surgical Diseases: An Algorithmic Approach to Problem Solving. online version, Springer, ISBN 9781493915651,
- ↑ Georges L., Symptoms and Signs in Pediatric Surgery. online version, Springer Science & Business Media, ISBN 9783642311611,
- ↑ Roger E., Human Malformations and Related Anomalies. online version, Oxford University Press, ISBN 9780199386031,
- ↑ Dosedla, Erik, Prenatal diagnosis of hydrometrocolpos in a down syndrome fetus, Journal of Clinical Ultrasound, Vol. 39(Issue: 3), pp. 169–171, DOI: 10.1002/jcu.20785, PMID: 21387330, Full text,
- ↑ 11.0 11.1 11.2 11.3 11.4 11.5 11.6 Kotter, Haleigh, Hematometrocolpos in a Pubescent Girl with Abdominal Pain, Clinical Practice and Cases in Emergency Medicine, Vol. 1(Issue: 3), pp. 218–220, DOI: 10.5811/cpcem.2017.3.33369, PMID: 29849312, PMC: 5965174, Full text,
- ↑ Most common cause of hematocolpos (LQ)A cervical atresiaB vaginal atresiaC transverse vaginal septumD imperforate hymen - Flash cards Miscellaneous - Dr. Bhatia Medical Coaching Institute Pvt. Ltd. - Dr Bhatia Medical Coaching Institute Full text, GradeStack Courses, Accessed on: 2018-10-27.
External links[edit | edit source]
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