MODY 3

MODY 3
Synonyms	Maturity onset diabetes of the young type 3
Pronounce	N/A
Specialty	N/A
Symptoms	Hyperglycemia, polyuria, polydipsia, weight loss
Complications	Diabetic retinopathy, nephropathy, neuropathy
Onset	Typically in adolescence or early adulthood
Duration	Chronic
Types	N/A
Causes	Genetic mutation in the HNF1A gene
Risks	Family history of diabetes
Diagnosis	Genetic testing, blood glucose tests
Differential diagnosis	Type 1 diabetes, Type 2 diabetes
Prevention	N/A
Treatment	Dietary management, oral hypoglycemic agents
Medication	Sulfonylureas, insulin (if necessary)
Prognosis	Variable, depending on management
Frequency	Accounts for 1-2% of all diabetes cases
Deaths	N/A

MODY 3 is a form of Maturity onset diabetes of the young (MODY), which is a group of inherited forms of diabetes mellitus. It is caused by mutations in the HNF1A gene.

Overview

MODY 3 is the most common form of MODY. It is characterized by an onset usually before the age of 25, a primary defect in insulin secretion and a strong inheritance pattern. The disease is caused by mutations in the HNF1A gene, which encodes a transcription factor that regulates the expression of several liver-specific genes.

Symptoms

The symptoms of MODY 3 are similar to those of other forms of diabetes, including frequent urination, excessive thirst, fatigue, blurred vision, and weight loss. However, MODY 3 often goes undiagnosed because the symptoms are mild or absent.

Diagnosis

The diagnosis of MODY 3 is based on clinical features and genetic testing. The presence of diabetes in multiple generations, the onset of diabetes at a young age, and the absence of obesity or other risk factors for type 2 diabetes suggest the diagnosis of MODY 3.

Treatment

The treatment of MODY 3 involves lifestyle modifications and medication. Patients with MODY 3 often respond well to low doses of sulfonylureas, which stimulate the release of insulin from the pancreas.

Prognosis

The prognosis of MODY 3 is generally good, but patients are at risk for long-term complications of diabetes, including heart disease, kidney disease, and eye disease.

See also

• Maturity onset diabetes of the young
• HNF1A
• Diabetes mellitus
• Sulfonylurea