Agonal respiration

Agonal respiration is a type of abnormal breathing pattern observed in patients who are critically ill or near death. It is characterized by gasping, labored breathing, accompanied by strange vocalizations and myoclonus.

Definition

Agonal respiration is a medical term to describe a desperate gasping and labored breathing pattern. It is often associated with severe illness or impending death. The term "agonal" is derived from the phrase "in the throes of death", which refers to the struggle and suffering that can occur in the final stages of life.

Causes

Agonal respiration can be caused by a variety of conditions, including cardiac arrest, stroke, traumatic brain injury, and drug overdose. It can also occur in patients with severe respiratory disease or those who are in a coma.

Symptoms

The primary symptom of agonal respiration is gasping, labored breathing. This can be accompanied by strange vocalizations and myoclonus, a type of involuntary muscle movement. Other symptoms can include a slow heart rate, low blood pressure, and a loss of consciousness.

Treatment

Treatment for agonal respiration focuses on addressing the underlying cause. This can include cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) for cardiac arrest, medication to treat a drug overdose, or surgery to address a traumatic brain injury. In some cases, a patient may be placed on a ventilator to assist with breathing.

Prognosis

The prognosis for a patient with agonal respiration depends on the underlying cause and the patient's overall health. In many cases, agonal respiration is a sign that death is imminent. However, with prompt and appropriate treatment, it is possible for a patient to recover.

See also

• Cheyne-Stokes respiration
• Kussmaul breathing
• Biot's respiration