Nephritic syndrome
Nephritic syndrome is a group of symptoms that occur in conjunction with glomerular disease, specifically inflammation of the glomerulus (glomerulonephritis). It is characterized by hematuria (blood in the urine), hypertension (high blood pressure), and oliguria (reduced urine output).
Etiology[edit | edit source]
Nephritic syndrome can be caused by a variety of conditions, most commonly post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis, IgA nephropathy, and lupus nephritis. Other causes include Goodpasture's syndrome, vasculitis, and membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis.
Pathophysiology[edit | edit source]
The underlying mechanism of nephritic syndrome involves inflammation and damage to the glomeruli, the tiny filtering units of the kidney. This damage allows red blood cells to leak into the urine, causing hematuria. The reduced filtering capacity of the kidneys can also lead to fluid retention and hypertension.
Clinical Features[edit | edit source]
Patients with nephritic syndrome typically present with hematuria, which can give the urine a dark or smoky appearance. They may also have hypertension and oliguria. In severe cases, patients may develop edema (swelling), particularly in the face and lower extremities, due to fluid retention.
Diagnosis[edit | edit source]
Diagnosis of nephritic syndrome is based on the presence of characteristic symptoms, along with laboratory tests such as urinalysis, blood tests, and in some cases, a kidney biopsy.
Treatment[edit | edit source]
Treatment of nephritic syndrome is aimed at addressing the underlying cause and managing symptoms. This may involve antibiotics for post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis, immunosuppressive drugs for conditions like lupus nephritis, and antihypertensive drugs to control high blood pressure.
Prognosis[edit | edit source]
The prognosis of nephritic syndrome varies widely depending on the underlying cause and the patient's overall health. Some patients may recover completely, while others may progress to chronic kidney disease or end-stage renal disease.
| Nephritic syndrome Resources | |
|---|---|
|
 |
Search WikiMD
Ad.Tired of being Overweight? Try W8MD's physician weight loss program.
Semaglutide (Ozempic / Wegovy and Tirzepatide (Mounjaro / Zepbound) available.
Advertise on WikiMD
|
WikiMD's Wellness Encyclopedia |
| Let Food Be Thy Medicine Medicine Thy Food - Hippocrates |
Translate this page: - East Asian
中文,
日本,
한국어,
South Asian
हिन्दी,
தமிழ்,
తెలుగు,
Urdu,
ಕನ್ನಡ,
Southeast Asian
Indonesian,
Vietnamese,
Thai,
မြန်မာဘာသာ,
বাংলা
European
español,
Deutsch,
français,
Greek,
português do Brasil,
polski,
română,
русский,
Nederlands,
norsk,
svenska,
suomi,
Italian
Middle Eastern & African
عربى,
Turkish,
Persian,
Hebrew,
Afrikaans,
isiZulu,
Kiswahili,
Other
Bulgarian,
Hungarian,
Czech,
Swedish,
മലയാളം,
मराठी,
ਪੰਜਾਬੀ,
ગુજરાતી,
Portuguese,
Ukrainian
Medical Disclaimer: WikiMD is not a substitute for professional medical advice. The information on WikiMD is provided as an information resource only, may be incorrect, outdated or misleading, and is not to be used or relied on for any diagnostic or treatment purposes. Please consult your health care provider before making any healthcare decisions or for guidance about a specific medical condition. WikiMD expressly disclaims responsibility, and shall have no liability, for any damages, loss, injury, or liability whatsoever suffered as a result of your reliance on the information contained in this site. By visiting this site you agree to the foregoing terms and conditions, which may from time to time be changed or supplemented by WikiMD. If you do not agree to the foregoing terms and conditions, you should not enter or use this site. See full disclaimer.
Credits:Most images are courtesy of Wikimedia commons, and templates Wikipedia, licensed under CC BY SA or similar.
Contributors: Prab R. Tumpati, MD
