Hemimelia

Hemimelia is a rare medical condition that involves the absence or underdevelopment of one or more limbs. It can affect either the upper or lower limbs and can occur on one side (unilateral) or both sides (bilateral) of the body. The condition is present at birth and can be diagnosed through physical examination and imaging studies.

Causes

The exact cause of hemimelia is unknown, but it is believed to be due to a disruption in the formation of the limb during fetal development. This could be due to genetic factors, environmental factors, or a combination of both. Some cases of hemimelia have been associated with certain genetic syndromes, such as Thrombocytopenia-absent radius (TAR) syndrome and Werner syndrome.

Symptoms

The main symptom of hemimelia is the absence or underdevelopment of a limb. This can range from a mild deformity, such as a missing finger, to a severe deformity, such as the absence of an entire arm or leg. Other symptoms can include:

• Shortened limbs
• Deformed hands or feet
• Limited mobility
• Difficulty with balance and coordination

Diagnosis

Hemimelia can be diagnosed through a physical examination and imaging studies, such as X-rays, CT scans, and MRI scans. Genetic testing may also be performed to identify any associated genetic syndromes.

Treatment

The treatment for hemimelia depends on the severity of the condition and the specific needs of the individual. Treatment options can include:

• Physical therapy
• Occupational therapy
• Prosthetics
• Surgery

Prognosis

The prognosis for individuals with hemimelia varies depending on the severity of the condition and the success of treatment. With appropriate treatment and support, many individuals with hemimelia can lead active and fulfilling lives.

See also

• Congenital anomalies
• Limb development
• Genetic disorders

Hemimelia Resources
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