Knee pain

Knee pain is a common condition that affects individuals of all ages. It can arise from various causes, ranging from acute injuries to chronic medical conditions. Knee pain can be localized to a specific region of the knee or be diffuse throughout the knee.

Left knee prepatellar bursitis

Overview

Knee pain can significantly impact daily activities like walking, climbing stairs, or kneeling. It can manifest as a sharp, acute pain or a dull, constant ache. Knee pain can also lead to other symptoms like swelling, stiffness, weakness, popping, or crunching noises.

Anatomy of the Knee

The knee is one of the most complex joints in the human body. It is a hinge joint that connects the thigh bone (femur) to the shin bone (tibia). Other structures of the knee include the kneecap (patella), cartilage, ligaments, tendons, and meniscus, as well as various bursae and synovial membranes.

Causes of Knee Pain

Injuries

Injuries are a common cause of knee pain. This includes ACL injuries, meniscus tears, and fractures.

Medical Conditions

Numerous medical conditions can cause knee pain, including arthritis, particularly osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis, gout, and infectious diseases like septic arthritis.

Symptoms

The manifestation of knee pain can vary greatly depending on the underlying cause. Common symptoms include redness, swelling, warmth to the touch, weakness, instability, and difficulty fully straightening the knee.

Diagnosis

The diagnosis of knee pain often begins with a thorough medical history and physical examination. Depending on the suspected cause, X-rays, MRI scans, CT scans, or ultrasound might be ordered. In some cases, lab tests or a arthrocentesis might be needed.

Treatment

Treatment for knee pain will depend on the underlying cause. It may involve a combination of self-care measures, physical therapy, medication, injections, or surgery. It's essential for patients to discuss with their healthcare provider to choose the best treatment option for their specific situation.

Prevention

Preventing knee pain can involve maintaining a healthy weight, staying active, and using proper form during physical activity. Exercise can help strengthen the muscles that support the knee, which can prevent many types of knee pain.

See Also

Anterior Cruciate Ligament Osteoarthritis Rheumatoid Arthritis Gout Physical Therapy

Categories

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