Nitrogen narcosis

Protected narc structure

Nitrogen narcosis is a neurological condition that occurs in scuba divers who dive at depths greater than 30 meters (98 feet). It is caused by the dissolved gases in the body, particularly nitrogen, which can have a narcotic effect under high pressure. The symptoms of nitrogen narcosis can vary, but often include impaired judgment, confusion, and a lack of coordination. In severe cases, it can be fatal.

Causes

Nitrogen narcosis is caused by the increased pressure of dissolved gases in the body. When a diver descends, the pressure of the surrounding water increases, and the gases in the diver's breathing gas are absorbed more readily into the body. Nitrogen, which makes up the majority of the breathing gas, can have a narcotic effect under these conditions.

Symptoms

The symptoms of nitrogen narcosis can vary widely, but often include impaired judgment, confusion, and a lack of coordination. Divers may also experience a sense of euphoria, similar to the effects of alcohol intoxication. In severe cases, nitrogen narcosis can cause unconsciousness or death.

Prevention and Treatment

The best way to prevent nitrogen narcosis is to limit the depth of dives. Divers can also use a helium-based breathing gas, which does not have the same narcotic effect as nitrogen. If a diver begins to experience symptoms of nitrogen narcosis, they should ascend to a shallower depth until the symptoms subside. In severe cases, emergency medical treatment may be necessary.

See Also

• Decompression sickness
• Oxygen toxicity
• Scuba diving

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