Patulous Eustachian tube
Patulous Eustachian Tube (PET) is a condition affecting the Eustachian tube, which connects the middle ear to the nasopharynx. It is characterized by the abnormal patency (openness) of the Eustachian tube, allowing air to flow freely between the nasal cavity and the middle ear. This condition can lead to a variety of symptoms, including autophony (hearing one's own voice loudly), aural fullness, and the sensation of ear popping or crackling.
Causes[edit | edit source]
The Eustachian tube normally opens during swallowing or yawning to equalize air pressure on both sides of the eardrum. In individuals with Patulous Eustachian Tube, the tube remains abnormally open for extended periods. Causes of PET can vary and may include significant weight loss, pregnancy, stress, fatigue, and chronic eustachian tube dysfunction. Certain medications and neurological conditions that affect the muscles around the Eustachian tube can also contribute to the development of PET.
Symptoms[edit | edit source]
Common symptoms of Patulous Eustachian Tube include:
- Autophony
- Echoing of one's own voice
- Aural fullness
- Sensation of ear popping or crackling
- Diminished hearing acuity
- Tinnitus
Diagnosis[edit | edit source]
Diagnosis of Patulous Eustachian Tube typically involves a comprehensive medical history and physical examination. Audiological tests and tympanometry may be used to assess the function of the Eustachian tube and the middle ear. In some cases, nasopharyngoscopy or imaging studies such as CT scans may be necessary to rule out other conditions and confirm the diagnosis of PET.
Treatment[edit | edit source]
Treatment options for Patulous Eustachian Tube aim to alleviate symptoms and may include:
- Nasal sprays containing estrogens or saline to help reduce the patency of the Eustachian tube
- Exercises to strengthen the muscles around the Eustachian tube
- Avoidance of activities that exacerbate symptoms
- Surgical interventions in severe cases, such as Eustachian tube dilation or insertion of a ventilation tube
Prognosis[edit | edit source]
The prognosis for individuals with Patulous Eustachian Tube varies. Some individuals may experience spontaneous resolution of symptoms, while others may require ongoing management to alleviate discomfort. Surgical interventions have shown varying degrees of success and are typically considered only after conservative measures have failed.
See Also[edit | edit source]
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Contributors: Prab R. Tumpati, MD
