Chilaiditi syndrome
| Chilaiditi syndrome | |
|---|---|
| |
| Synonyms | Chilaiditi's sign |
| Pronounce | |
| Field | General surgery |
| Symptoms | |
| Complications | |
| Onset | |
| Duration | |
| Types | |
| Causes | |
| Risks | |
| Diagnosis | |
| Differential diagnosis | |
| Prevention | |
| Treatment | |
| Medication | |
| Prognosis | |
| Frequency | |
| Deaths | |
Chilaiditi syndrome is a rare condition when pain occurs due to transposition of a loop of large intestine (usually transverse colon) in between the diaphragm and the liver, visible on plain abdominal X-ray or chest X-ray.[1]
Normally this causes no symptoms, and this is called Chilaiditi's sign. The sign can be permanently present, or sporadically. This anatomical variant is sometimes mistaken for the more serious condition of having air under the diaphragm (pneumoperitoneum) which is usually an indication of bowel perforation, possibly leading to surgical interventions.
Chilaiditi syndrome refers only to complications in the presence of Chilaiditi's sign. These include abdominal pain,[2] torsion of the bowel (transverse colon volvulus)[3] or shortness of breath.[4]
Causes[edit | edit source]
The exact cause is not always known, but it may occur in patients with a long and mobile colon (dolichocolon), chronic lung disease such as emphysema, or liver problems such as cirrhosis and ascites. Chilaiditi's sign is generally not associated with symptoms, and is most commonly an incidental finding in normal individuals.
Absence or laxity of the ligament suspending the transverse colon or of the falciform ligament are also thought to contribute to the condition. It can also be associated with relative atrophy of the medial segment of the left lobe of the liver. In this case, the gallbladder position is often anomalous as well – it is often located anterior to the liver, rather than posterior.
Epidemiology[edit | edit source]
The occurrence (incidence) on abdominal or chest X-rays is around 0.1% but it can be up to 1% in series of older adults.[5] It has also been reported in children.[4]
History[edit | edit source]
Chilaiditi's sign is named after the Greek radiologist Dimítrios Chilaiditi, born in 1883, who first described it when he was working in Vienna in 1910.[6][7]
Synonyms[edit | edit source]
Synonyms include interpositio hepatodiaphragmatica, subphrenic displacement of the colon, subphrenic interposition syndrome and pseudopneumoperitoneum.
References[edit | edit source]
- ↑ , Chilaiditi's syndrome: what should every surgeon know?, Am Surg, Vol. 71(Issue: 3), pp. 261–3, PMID: 15869145,
- ↑ , Severe Recurrent Abdominal Pain: An Anatomical Variant of Chilaiditi's Syndrome, MedGenMed, 2007, Vol. 9(Issue: 2), pp. 67, PMID: 17955121, PMC: 1994890,
- ↑ , Transverse colon volvulus and associated Chilaiditi's syndrome: case report and literature review, Am. J. Gastroenterol., Vol. 91(Issue: 12), pp. 2613–6, PMID: 8946999,
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 , Chilaiditi syndrome as a cause of respiratory distress, Eur. J. Pediatr., Vol. 165(Issue: 6), pp. 367–9, DOI: 10.1007/s00431-005-0077-9, PMID: 16489467,
- ↑ , Chilaiditi syndrome, Age Ageing, Vol. 6(Issue: 1), pp. 51–7, DOI: 10.1093/ageing/6.1.51, PMID: 842405, Full text,
- ↑ D. Chilaiditi: Zur Frage der Hepatoptose und Ptose im allgemeinen im Anschluss an drei Fälle von temporärer, partieller Leberverlagerung. Fortschritte auf dem Gebiete der Röntgenstrahlen , 1910, 16: 173-208.
- ↑ synd/2326 at Who Named It?
http://www.jmedsoc.org/text.asp?2018/32/3/222/252005.
External links[edit | edit source]
| Classification | |
|---|---|
| External resources |
|
Search WikiMD
Ad.Tired of being Overweight? Try W8MD's physician weight loss program.
Semaglutide (Ozempic / Wegovy and Tirzepatide (Mounjaro / Zepbound) available.
Advertise on WikiMD
|
WikiMD's Wellness Encyclopedia |
| Let Food Be Thy Medicine Medicine Thy Food - Hippocrates |
Translate this page: - East Asian
中文,
日本,
한국어,
South Asian
हिन्दी,
தமிழ்,
తెలుగు,
Urdu,
ಕನ್ನಡ,
Southeast Asian
Indonesian,
Vietnamese,
Thai,
မြန်မာဘာသာ,
বাংলা
European
español,
Deutsch,
français,
Greek,
português do Brasil,
polski,
română,
русский,
Nederlands,
norsk,
svenska,
suomi,
Italian
Middle Eastern & African
عربى,
Turkish,
Persian,
Hebrew,
Afrikaans,
isiZulu,
Kiswahili,
Other
Bulgarian,
Hungarian,
Czech,
Swedish,
മലയാളം,
मराठी,
ਪੰਜਾਬੀ,
ગુજરાતી,
Portuguese,
Ukrainian
Medical Disclaimer: WikiMD is not a substitute for professional medical advice. The information on WikiMD is provided as an information resource only, may be incorrect, outdated or misleading, and is not to be used or relied on for any diagnostic or treatment purposes. Please consult your health care provider before making any healthcare decisions or for guidance about a specific medical condition. WikiMD expressly disclaims responsibility, and shall have no liability, for any damages, loss, injury, or liability whatsoever suffered as a result of your reliance on the information contained in this site. By visiting this site you agree to the foregoing terms and conditions, which may from time to time be changed or supplemented by WikiMD. If you do not agree to the foregoing terms and conditions, you should not enter or use this site. See full disclaimer.
Credits:Most images are courtesy of Wikimedia commons, and templates, categories Wikipedia, licensed under CC BY SA or similar.
Contributors: Prab R. Tumpati, MD
