Acute megakaryoblastic leukemia
Acute megakaryoblastic leukemia (AMKL) is a subtype of acute myeloid leukemia (AML), a cancer that affects the blood and bone marrow. AMKL is characterized by the rapid growth of abnormal megakaryoblasts, a type of immature blood cell that normally develops into platelets.
Epidemiology[edit | edit source]
AMKL is a rare form of leukemia, accounting for approximately 1% of all AML cases. It is more common in children than in adults, particularly those with Down syndrome.
Pathophysiology[edit | edit source]
In AMKL, the megakaryoblasts in the bone marrow proliferate abnormally, leading to a decrease in the production of normal blood cells. This results in a variety of symptoms, including anemia, thrombocytopenia, and increased susceptibility to infection.
Diagnosis[edit | edit source]
The diagnosis of AMKL is based on blood tests, bone marrow biopsy, and cytogenetic analysis. The presence of specific genetic abnormalities, such as the t(1;22)(p13;q13) translocation, can confirm the diagnosis.
Treatment[edit | edit source]
Treatment for AMKL typically involves chemotherapy, with the aim of achieving remission. In some cases, a stem cell transplant may be considered.
Prognosis[edit | edit source]
The prognosis for AMKL varies depending on a number of factors, including the patient's age, overall health, and the presence of certain genetic abnormalities.
See also[edit | edit source]
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Contributors: Prab R. Tumpati, MD
