Acute megakaryoblastic leukemia

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Acute megakaryoblastic leukemia (AMKL) is a subtype of acute myeloid leukemia (AML), a cancer that affects the blood and bone marrow. AMKL is characterized by the rapid growth of abnormal megakaryoblasts, a type of immature blood cell that normally develops into platelets.

Epidemiology[edit | edit source]

AMKL is a rare form of leukemia, accounting for approximately 1% of all AML cases. It is more common in children than in adults, particularly those with Down syndrome.

Pathophysiology[edit | edit source]

In AMKL, the megakaryoblasts in the bone marrow proliferate abnormally, leading to a decrease in the production of normal blood cells. This results in a variety of symptoms, including anemia, thrombocytopenia, and increased susceptibility to infection.

Diagnosis[edit | edit source]

The diagnosis of AMKL is based on blood tests, bone marrow biopsy, and cytogenetic analysis. The presence of specific genetic abnormalities, such as the t(1;22)(p13;q13) translocation, can confirm the diagnosis.

Treatment[edit | edit source]

Treatment for AMKL typically involves chemotherapy, with the aim of achieving remission. In some cases, a stem cell transplant may be considered.

Prognosis[edit | edit source]

The prognosis for AMKL varies depending on a number of factors, including the patient's age, overall health, and the presence of certain genetic abnormalities.

See also[edit | edit source]

Template:Leukemia Template:Blood disorders

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Contributors: Prab R. Tumpati, MD, Dr.T