Lupus pernio

Lupus pernio is a chronic skin condition characterized by red or purple colored, hard, raised bumps or patches that appear on the skin, particularly on the nose, cheeks, ears, and fingers. It is a form of cutaneous sarcoidosis, a disease that causes inflammation and can affect various organs in the body.

Symptoms

The primary symptom of lupus pernio is the appearance of skin lesions. These lesions are typically red or purple in color, hard to the touch, and may be painful or itchy. They most commonly appear on the face, particularly on the nose and cheeks, but can also occur on the ears, fingers, and toes. In some cases, the lesions may also affect the respiratory tract, leading to symptoms such as coughing, shortness of breath, and chest pain.

Causes

The exact cause of lupus pernio is unknown. However, it is believed to be related to an abnormal immune response that leads to inflammation in the skin and other organs. This inflammation can result in the formation of granulomas, or small areas of inflammation, which can cause the characteristic skin lesions of lupus pernio.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of lupus pernio is typically based on the appearance of the skin lesions. In some cases, a skin biopsy may be performed to confirm the diagnosis. Other tests, such as blood tests or imaging studies, may be used to determine if other organs are affected.

Treatment

Treatment for lupus pernio typically involves medications to reduce inflammation and suppress the immune system. These may include corticosteroids, immunosuppressive drugs, or antimalarial drugs. In some cases, surgery may be necessary to remove large or persistent lesions.

Prognosis

The prognosis for lupus pernio varies depending on the severity of the condition and the individual's response to treatment. In some cases, the condition can be managed with medication and lifestyle changes. However, in severe cases, lupus pernio can cause permanent scarring and disfigurement.

See also

• Sarcoidosis
• Skin lesion
• Granuloma

Lupus pernio Resources
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