Granulomas

Granulomas are a type of inflammation found in many diseases. They are most commonly associated with tuberculosis, but can be associated with other conditions such as sarcoidosis, Crohn's disease, and vasculitis. Granulomas are typically found in the lungs, but can occur in other parts of the body.

Causes

Granulomas form when the immune system attempts to wall off substances that it perceives as foreign but is unable to eliminate. Such substances include infectious organisms including bacteria and fungi, as well as other materials such as silica, asbestos, or beryllium.

Symptoms

The symptoms of granulomas depend on where they are in the body. Granulomas in the lungs may cause coughing, shortness of breath, or chest pain. Granulomas in the skin may appear as a firm red bump. Granulomas in the eye can cause blurred vision or loss of vision.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of granulomas typically involves imaging tests such as X-rays or CT scans. In some cases, a biopsy may be needed to confirm the diagnosis.

Treatment

Treatment for granulomas depends on the underlying cause. If the granulomas are caused by an infection, antibiotics or antifungal medications may be used. If the granulomas are caused by an inflammatory condition, treatment may involve corticosteroids or other anti-inflammatory drugs.

See also

• Tuberculosis
• Sarcoidosis
• Crohn's disease
• Vasculitis

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