Irukandji syndrome

Irukandji syndrome is a condition induced by venomization from certain species of jellyfish. The syndrome is named after the Irukandji people of North Australia, where the syndrome is most commonly encountered.

Symptoms

The symptoms of Irukandji syndrome include severe pain, nausea, vomiting, sweating, anxiety, hypertension, and occasionally heart failure and pulmonary edema. Symptoms usually appear 5 to 45 minutes after the sting, but can sometimes be delayed for several hours.

Causes

Irukandji syndrome is caused by the venom of certain species of jellyfish, most notably Carukia barnesi and Malo kingi. The venom is delivered through the jellyfish's tentacles, which can fire venomous stingers into the skin of a person who comes into contact with them.

Treatment

Treatment for Irukandji syndrome primarily involves managing the symptoms. Pain relief is often necessary, and may be achieved with opioids. In severe cases, hospitalization may be required. Antivenom is not typically used, as it has not been shown to be effective.

Prevention

Prevention of Irukandji syndrome involves avoiding areas where the jellyfish are known to be present, particularly during jellyfish season. Wearing protective clothing while swimming can also help to prevent stings.

See also

• Jellyfish sting
• Marine envenomation

Irukandji syndrome Resources
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