Intraarticular fracture

A type of bone fracture involving a joint surface

Intra-articular fracture

An intra-articular fracture is a type of bone fracture where the break extends into the surface of a joint. This type of fracture can lead to arthritis if not properly treated, as it involves the articular cartilage that covers the ends of bones in a joint.

Diagram of a medial malleolus fracture, a type of intra-articular fracture

Causes

Intra-articular fractures are often caused by high-impact trauma such as motor vehicle accidents, falls from height, or sports injuries. These fractures can also occur due to osteoporosis, where the bones are weakened and more susceptible to breaking.

Symptoms

The symptoms of an intra-articular fracture include:

• Severe pain at the site of the fracture
• Swelling and bruising
• Inability to move the affected joint
• Deformity or abnormal position of the joint

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of an intra-articular fracture typically involves:

• Physical examination
• X-ray imaging to visualize the fracture
• CT scan or MRI for detailed images of the joint and surrounding soft tissues

Treatment

Treatment of intra-articular fractures depends on the severity and location of the fracture. Options include:

• Immobilization with a cast or splint
• Closed reduction and casting for less severe fractures
• Open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) for more severe fractures, involving surgical alignment and stabilization with plates and screws
• Physical therapy to restore function and mobility

Prognosis

The prognosis for intra-articular fractures varies. Early and appropriate treatment is crucial to prevent complications such as post-traumatic arthritis. Recovery may take several months, and some patients may experience long-term joint stiffness or pain.

Related pages

• Fracture (bone)
• Joint
• Arthritis
• Orthopedic surgery