Acoustic trauma

Acoustic trauma is a condition that occurs as a result of exposure to high-intensity sound, which can cause damage to the hearing mechanisms in the ear. This can result from a one-time exposure to an intense "impulse" sound, such as an explosion, or from continuous exposure to loud sounds over an extended period of time, such as noise generated in a woodworking shop.

Causes

Acoustic trauma is most commonly caused by exposure to high decibel noises, either in a single traumatic experience or over a time period of prolonged exposure. The noise can cause damage to the delicate structures of the inner ear and lead to hearing loss. Common sources of noise that can cause acoustic trauma include loud music, firearms, firecrackers, heavy machinery and industrial equipment.

Symptoms

The primary symptom of acoustic trauma is a decrease in a person's standard threshold of hearing. This can be either temporary or permanent, and can affect one ear or both ears. Other symptoms can include tinnitus, a sensation of fullness in the ear, distortion or sensitivity to certain frequencies, and difficulty understanding speech in noisy environments or over the telephone.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of acoustic trauma is usually made through a series of tests conducted by an audiologist. These can include audiometry, tympanometry, and otoacoustic emission (OAE) testing. In some cases, a computed tomography (CT) scan or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) may be used to rule out other causes of hearing loss.

Treatment

Treatment for acoustic trauma primarily involves strategies to prevent further hearing loss, as well as managing the symptoms. This can include avoiding exposure to loud noises, using hearing protection, and using hearing aids if necessary. In some cases, medication may be used to reduce the symptoms of tinnitus.

Prevention

Prevention of acoustic trauma is key and involves reducing exposure to loud noises, using hearing protection when necessary, and maintaining a healthy lifestyle to support overall ear health.

See also

• Noise-induced hearing loss
• Tinnitus
• Audiometry