Respiratory acidosis

Respiratory acidosis is a medical condition characterized by decreased ventilation leading to an increase in arterial carbon dioxide concentration (PaCO2). This in turn causes an excess of carbonic acid in the blood, leading to a state of acidemia. The condition is often associated with diseases of the lungs or conditions that affect normal breathing.

Causes

Respiratory acidosis can be caused by any condition that reduces the ability of the respiratory system to remove carbon dioxide. This can include conditions such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), pneumonia, and asthma. It can also be caused by drug overdose, neuromuscular disease, or severe obesity.

Symptoms

Symptoms of respiratory acidosis can vary depending on the severity of the condition. They can include shortness of breath, confusion, fatigue, headache, sleepiness, and in severe cases, coma.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of respiratory acidosis is typically made through a series of blood tests that measure the levels of carbon dioxide and other substances in the blood. Other tests, such as pulmonary function tests, may also be used to determine the underlying cause of the condition.

Treatment

Treatment for respiratory acidosis typically involves treating the underlying cause of the condition. This can include medications to treat lung diseases, oxygen therapy, or in severe cases, mechanical ventilation.

See also

• Metabolic acidosis
• Respiratory alkalosis
• Acid–base homeostasis

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