Nephromegaly

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Nephromegaly
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Synonyms Renal enlargement
Pronounce N/A
Specialty N/A
Symptoms Flank pain, hematuria, hypertension
Complications Chronic kidney disease, renal failure
Onset Variable
Duration Depends on underlying cause
Types N/A
Causes Polycystic kidney disease, hydronephrosis, renal tumors
Risks Hypertension, diabetes mellitus, obesity
Diagnosis Ultrasound, CT scan, MRI
Differential diagnosis Renal cyst, renal abscess, pyelonephritis
Prevention N/A
Treatment Depends on cause; may include surgery, antibiotics, dialysis
Medication N/A
Prognosis Varies with underlying condition
Frequency Common in certain conditions
Deaths N/A


Nephromegaly is a medical condition characterized by the abnormal enlargement of one or both kidneys. This condition can be indicative of various underlying pathologies, ranging from benign to serious disorders. Understanding nephromegaly involves exploring its causes, symptoms, diagnostic methods, and potential treatments.

Causes[edit | edit source]

Nephromegaly can result from a variety of causes, including:

Symptoms[edit | edit source]

The symptoms of nephromegaly can vary depending on the underlying cause but may include:

  • Flank pain or discomfort
  • Hematuria (blood in urine)
  • Hypertension (high blood pressure)
  • Frequent urinary tract infections
  • Palpable mass in the abdomen

Diagnosis[edit | edit source]

The diagnosis of nephromegaly typically involves:

  • Ultrasound: To visualize the size and structure of the kidneys.
  • CT scan: Provides detailed images of the kidneys and surrounding tissues.
  • MRI: Offers high-resolution images to assess kidney enlargement.
  • Blood tests: To evaluate kidney function and detect any abnormalities.
  • Urinalysis: To check for signs of infection or other kidney issues.

Treatment[edit | edit source]

Treatment for nephromegaly depends on the underlying cause:

  • For hydronephrosis, relieving the obstruction may involve surgical intervention.
  • In cases of polycystic kidney disease, management focuses on controlling symptoms and complications.
  • Antibiotics are used to treat infections like pyelonephritis.
  • Surgical removal may be necessary for renal tumors.

See Also[edit | edit source]

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Contributors: Prab R. Tumpati, MD