Anuria

Anuria is a medical condition characterized by the absence of urine production. It is a severe form of oliguria, where the urine output is less than 100 milliliters per day. Anuria is a critical condition that requires immediate medical attention as it can indicate severe underlying health issues.

Causes

Anuria can be caused by various factors, including:

• Acute kidney injury (AKI)
• Chronic kidney disease (CKD)
• Severe dehydration
• Urinary tract obstruction
• Heart failure
• Sepsis
• Severe hypotension

Symptoms

The primary symptom of anuria is the complete absence of urine output. Other associated symptoms may include:

• Edema
• Fatigue
• Nausea
• Vomiting
• Confusion
• Shortness of breath

Diagnosis

The diagnosis of anuria involves several steps:

• Medical history and physical examination
• Blood tests to check for kidney function markers such as creatinine and blood urea nitrogen (BUN)
• Urinalysis
• Imaging studies like ultrasound or CT scan to identify any obstructions or abnormalities in the urinary tract
• Renal biopsy in certain cases

Treatment

The treatment of anuria depends on the underlying cause. Common treatment options include:

• Intravenous fluids for dehydration
• Dialysis for severe kidney failure
• Medications to manage heart failure or sepsis
• Surgical intervention to remove urinary tract obstructions

Prognosis

The prognosis of anuria varies depending on the underlying cause and the promptness of treatment. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial for a better outcome.

See also

• Oliguria
• Polyuria
• Renal failure
• Dialysis
• Kidney transplant

External links

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