Nevus comedonicus

Nevus comedonicus
Synonyms	Comedo nevus
Pronounce	N/A
Specialty	N/A
Symptoms	Blackheads, comedones, cysts, abscesses
Complications	Secondary infection, scarring
Onset	Birth or early childhood
Duration	Chronic
Types	N/A
Causes	Genetic mutation
Risks	Family history
Diagnosis	Clinical diagnosis, skin biopsy
Differential diagnosis	Acne, epidermal nevus, keratosis pilaris
Prevention	N/A
Treatment	Topical retinoids, surgical excision, laser therapy
Medication	N/A
Prognosis	N/A
Frequency	Rare
Deaths	N/A

Nevus comedonicus is a rare type of epidermal nevus, a skin condition that is present at birth or appears shortly after. It is characterized by closely arranged, dilated follicular openings with dark keratin plugs resembling comedones.

Signs and Symptoms

Nevus comedonicus typically presents at birth or during childhood. The condition is characterized by grouped pits filled with black, keratinous debris, similar to comedones. These can be found anywhere on the body, but are most commonly found on the face, neck, and upper trunk. The lesions can be asymptomatic, but may sometimes be associated with mild itching or discomfort.

Causes

The exact cause of nevus comedonicus is unknown. It is thought to be due to a developmental defect of the hair follicle. The condition is not associated with excess sebum production, unlike acne vulgaris.

Diagnosis

The diagnosis of nevus comedonicus is primarily clinical, based on the characteristic appearance of the lesions. A skin biopsy may be performed to confirm the diagnosis and rule out other conditions.

Treatment

Treatment of nevus comedonicus can be challenging and is not always necessary, as the condition is primarily cosmetic. Options may include topical treatments, such as retinoids, as well as surgical options, such as excision or laser therapy.

See Also

• Epidermal nevus
• Comedo
• Acne vulgaris