Birth control

Birth control, also known as contraception and fertility control, refers to methods or devices used to prevent pregnancy. Planning and provision of birth control is called family planning. Safe sex, such as the use of condoms, is also a form of birth control.

History

The history of birth control began with the discovery of the connection between coitus and pregnancy. Early forms of birth control included the withdrawal method, herbal remedies, and the use of rudimentary diaphragms. In the 20th century, the development of the birth control pill revolutionized birth control methods.

Methods

Birth control methods include barrier methods, hormonal control of birth, intrauterine devices, emergency contraception, permanent methods, fertility awareness, and abstinence. The choice of method often depends on a person's health, frequency of sexual activity, number of sexual partners, desire to have children in the future, and understanding of the method.

Effectiveness

The effectiveness of birth control methods is critically important for reducing the risk of unintended pregnancy. Effectiveness can be measured during "perfect use", when the method is used correctly and consistently as directed, or during "typical use", which takes into account user errors.

Society and culture

Birth control has societal implications, including population growth, human rights, and religious views on birth control. Many societies, both developed and developing, have high levels of unintended pregnancy and are working to improve access to birth control.

See also

• Abortion
• Reproductive rights
• Sex education
• Teenage pregnancy
• Birth control
• Contraception
• Dictionary of birth control
• Reproductive health