Endoscopic laser cordectomy

Endoscopic laser cordectomy is a surgical procedure used primarily in the treatment of laryngeal cancer, specifically early-stage glottic cancer. This minimally invasive technique involves the use of a laser to remove cancerous tissue from the vocal cords, aiming to preserve as much of the healthy vocal cord and surrounding tissue as possible. The procedure is performed through an endoscope, a flexible tube with a light and camera attached, which allows the surgeon to view the vocal cords without making large incisions.

Indications

Endoscopic laser cordectomy is indicated for patients with early-stage glottic cancer, where the tumor is confined to the vocal cords and has not spread to other parts of the larynx or beyond. It is also considered for benign lesions of the vocal cords, such as vocal cord nodules, polyps, and cysts, when other treatments have failed.

Procedure

The procedure is typically performed under general anesthesia. The surgeon inserts an endoscope through the mouth to access the larynx. A laser, attached to the endoscope or used alongside it, is then precisely directed to remove the cancerous tissue. The type of laser used can vary, but the CO2 laser is commonly employed due to its precision and the reduced risk of damaging surrounding tissue.

Advantages

Endoscopic laser cordectomy offers several advantages over traditional open surgery, including:

• Minimized damage to healthy tissue
• Reduced postoperative pain and discomfort
• Shorter hospital stay and quicker recovery
• Preservation of voice quality to a greater extent than with more invasive procedures

Risks and Complications

As with any surgical procedure, endoscopic laser cordectomy carries risks, such as:

• Bleeding
• Infection
• Swelling that could lead to breathing difficulties
• Changes in voice quality, including hoarseness or breathiness

Recovery

Recovery times can vary depending on the extent of the surgery and the individual patient. Most patients can expect to return to normal activities within a few weeks, although it may take several months for voice quality to stabilize.

Conclusion

Endoscopic laser cordectomy is a valuable tool in the treatment of early-stage glottic cancer and certain benign vocal cord lesions. Its minimally invasive nature allows for effective removal of lesions with fewer complications and a quicker recovery time compared to traditional surgery. However, the decision to proceed with this procedure should be made after a thorough discussion between the patient and their healthcare provider, considering the potential risks and benefits.