Engolpion

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Patriarch Alexius II

Engolpion (from the Greek engolpion, meaning "on the chest") is a distinctive part of the Orthodox Christian and Eastern Catholic clerical attire. An engolpion is a medallion with an icon in the center, usually of Jesus Christ, the Virgin Mary, or a saint, which is worn around the neck and hangs down on the chest. It is a type of pectoral cross, but it differs in that it usually contains a relic or is an icon itself. The engolpion signifies the wearer's devotion and is often given as a sign of blessing or investiture into a certain ecclesiastical office.

History and Significance

The tradition of wearing religious icons or relics close to the heart has ancient origins in the Christian faith, symbolizing the wearer's close relationship with the divine. The engolpion, as it is known today, evolved from these practices and became particularly associated with the clergy of the Eastern Christian traditions. It serves not only as a personal devotional item but also as a mark of the clerical office, especially for bishops and higher prelates.

Types of Engolpions

There are several types of engolpions, each with its own significance and use:

• Panagia: Dedicated to the Virgin Mary, often worn by bishops.
• Cruciform: Shaped like a cross, sometimes containing relics.
• Iconic: Featuring icons of saints or scenes from the Bible.

Materials and Craftsmanship

Engolpions are made from a variety of materials, including gold, silver, enamel, and precious stones, reflecting the skill and artistry of Orthodox Christian artisans. The craftsmanship involved in creating an engolpion is highly regarded, and these items are often elaborately decorated and beautifully detailed.

Usage

The engolpion is worn during liturgical services and official functions, draped over the clerical vestments. It is a visible sign of the wearer's authority and spiritual responsibility. In some traditions, the engolpion may be kissed by the faithful as a sign of respect and veneration.

Cultural and Religious Impact

Beyond its religious significance, the engolpion has cultural importance in the regions where Eastern Christianity is practiced. It is a symbol of faith, tradition, and artistry, representing the deep spiritual heritage of the Orthodox Christian and Eastern Catholic Churches.

See Also

• Orthodox Christian art
• Pectoral cross
• Relic
• Icon