Enrofloxacin

Enrofloxacin is a fluoroquinolone antibiotic used to treat bacterial infections in animals. It is a broad-spectrum antibiotic that is effective against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Enrofloxacin is commonly used in veterinary medicine and is not approved for use in humans.

History

Enrofloxacin was first patented in 1980 by the German company Bayer AG. It was the first fluoroquinolone antibiotic developed specifically for veterinary use.

Mechanism of Action

Enrofloxacin works by inhibiting the DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV, two enzymes necessary for bacterial DNA replication, transcription, repair, and recombination. This leads to the death of the bacterial cells.

Uses

Enrofloxacin is used to treat a variety of bacterial infections in animals, including respiratory tract infections, skin infections, urinary tract infections, and gastrointestinal infections. It is also used to treat infections caused by Mycoplasma and Chlamydia in birds and cats.

Side Effects

Possible side effects of enrofloxacin include vomiting, diarrhea, and loss of appetite. In rare cases, it can cause damage to the cartilage in growing animals, particularly in large breeds of dogs.

Resistance

Bacterial resistance to enrofloxacin can occur, which can limit its effectiveness. Resistance occurs when bacteria mutate and no longer respond to the antibiotic.

See Also

• Fluoroquinolone
• Antibiotic resistance
• Veterinary medicine